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Objective To investigate the effects of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) in early pregnancy on the onset of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Sichuan Province. Methods A case-control study was performed on 1 508 gravidas at 8-14 gestational weeks in Sichuan Provincial Hospital for Women and Children from February to July, 2017. Baseline information during early pregnancy was collected through questionnaires. Information on time and intensity of physical activity were collected through pregnancy physical activity questionnaire. The time spent in MVPA was calculated and was categorized as active ( ≥ 3.5 h/week) or inactive MVPA (<3.5 h/week). Based on self-reported pre-pregnancy weights collected by questionnaire as well as the measured heights, body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy was calculated. After a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 24-28 gestational weeks, all subjects were divided into GDM (n=561) or non-GDM group (n=947), according to the GDM diagnostic criteria of the Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pregnancy Diabetes in China (2014). Mann-Whitney U test and Chi-square test were used for statistical analysis. Multivariate unconditional logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between the time of MVPA in early pregnancy and GDM incidence. ResuLts The median time spent in MVPA [M(P25-P75)] in early pregnancy was 3.00 (0.50-3.12) h/week, and 345 gravidas (22.9%) were classified as active in MVPA. After the control of confounding factors such as age, gravidity and parity history, and pre-pregnancy BMI, the multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that compared with the inactive group, the risk of GDM of active MVPA gravidas was reduced by 26.1% (OR=0.739, 95%CI: 0.553-0.989, P=0.042). Among primigravidas and primiparae, the risk of GDM in active MVPA gravidas was decreased by 47.6% and 44.3% than the inactive ones, respectively (primigravidas: OR=0.524, 95%CI: 0.297-0.925, P=0.026; primiparae: OR=0.557, 95%CI: 0.357-0.868, P=0.010). ConcLusions Insufficient physical activity in early pregnancy is common in gravidas in Sichuan, China. The risk of GDM could be reduced if the frequency of MVPA during early pregnancy is no less than 3.5 h/week, especially in primigravidas and primiparae.
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Objective To explore the association between gestational weight gain (GWG) and adverse pregnancy outcomes.Methods A prospective study was conducted among 1 220 healthy singleton pregnant women in the first trimester of pregnancy,from Chengdu city,Sichuan province.Pre-gestational body mass and other basic information were collected through a set of questionnaires.Weight at the last week before delivery was measured and GWG was classified by IOM criteria (2009).Related information on pregnancy outcomes was collected after delivery,through the hospital information system.Multiple non-conditional logistic regression models were used to test the association between GWG and adverse pregnancy outcomes.Results In total,data on 1 045 pregnant women were analyzed.Compared with adequate GWG,excessive GWG was associated with the increased risks of cord entanglement and large for gestational age (OR=1.641,95％CI:1.197-2.252;OR=1.678,95％ CI:0.132-2.488),respectively.Additionally,when compared with the adequate GWG,insufficient GWG was associated with the increased risk of preterm delivery (OR=3.189,95％CI:1.604-6.341).Conclusions Both excessive and insufficient GWG appeared associated with the pregnancy outcomes.Weight monitoring should be strengthened for pregnant women to reduce related risks on adverse pregnancy outcomes.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the association between gestational weight gain (GWG) and adverse pregnancy outcomes.Methods A prospective study was conducted among 1 220 healthy singleton pregnant women in the first trimester of pregnancy,from Chengdu city,Sichuan province.Pre-gestational body mass and other basic information were collected through a set of questionnaires.Weight at the last week before delivery was measured and GWG was classified by IOM criteria (2009).Related information on pregnancy outcomes was collected after delivery,through the hospital information system.Multiple non-conditional logistic regression models were used to test the association between GWG and adverse pregnancy outcomes.Results In total,data on 1 045 pregnant women were analyzed.Compared with adequate GWG,excessive GWG was associated with the increased risks of cord entanglement and large for gestational age (OR=1.641,95％CI:1.197-2.252;OR=1.678,95％ CI:0.132-2.488),respectively.Additionally,when compared with the adequate GWG,insufficient GWG was associated with the increased risk of preterm delivery (OR=3.189,95％CI:1.604-6.341).Conclusions Both excessive and insufficient GWG appeared associated with the pregnancy outcomes.Weight monitoring should be strengthened for pregnant women to reduce related risks on adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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Objective@#To investigate the comprehensive nutritional status and diet behavior of middle aged and elderly women with osteoporosis, and thereby to explore the relationship between diet behavior and comprehensive nutritional status.@*Methods@#311 middle-aged and elderly women with osteoporosis in Chengdu were included in this study. Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) was applied to assess their comprehensive nutritional status. Information of social-demographic characteristics and diet behavior (about meals, snacks and water drinking, etc.) of the subjects was collected by questionnaire. Chi square test was used to assess the differences in nutritional status among patients who have different eating behaviors. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between diet behaviors and comprehensive nutritional status.@*Results@#The mean MNA score of subjects was 25.8±2.5. 20.3% (63/311) of the subjets were at risk of potential malnutrition, but there was no malnourished subjects found. 46.9% (46/311) of the subjects were in good appetite. 95.2% (296/311) of them had a fixed food intake each meal. 65.8% (198/311) of them had snacks every day, and the most common choice was fruit (86.4% (248/287)). 54.8% (165/311) of them had initiative drinking water habits, and the most common choice was plain boiled water (79.9%, 246/308). 76.5% (238/311) of them had daily portable water less than 1 500 ml. After adjusting the effects of age, occupation and education level, bad appetite (OR=3.50, 95%CI: 1.18-10.62), unfixed food intake (OR=7.27, 95%CI: 1.40-35.83), and seldom or never intake of snack (OR=3.71, 95%CI: 1.42-9.72) were risk factors for malnutrition risk, while tea drinking was protective factor(OR=0.31, 95%CI: 0.11-0.93).@*Conclusion@#Risk of potential malnutrition and unhealthy diet behavior among the middle aged and elderly women with osteoporosis should be paid more attention. Unhealtghy diet behavior has a negative effect on their comprehensive nutritional status.